某纤维/环氧树脂复合材料在模拟湿热腐蚀环境中的性能分析与表征

李金泫; 薛亚威; 孙成龙; 武斌; 孙德海; 吴娜娜; 孔光明

doi:10.7643/ issn.1672-9242.2025.12.015

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装备环境工程 ›› 2025, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (12) : 118-124. DOI: 10.7643/ issn.1672-9242.2025.12.015

环境试验与观测

某纤维/环氧树脂复合材料在模拟湿热腐蚀环境中的性能分析与表征

李金泫¹, 薛亚威², 孙成龙³, 武斌⁴, 孙德海⁴, 吴娜娜⁵, 孔光明⁴

作者信息 +

Performance Analysis and Characterization of a Fiber/Epoxy Composite in a Simulated Hygrothermal Corrosion Environment

LI Jinxuan¹, XUE Yawei², SUN Chenglong³, WU Bin⁴, SUN Dehai⁴, WU Nana⁵, KONG Guangming⁴

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

目的揭示热带海洋湿热环境下纤维/环氧树脂复合材料在腐蚀过程中微观结构演变与电磁波吸收性能的关联机制,为高环境适应性吸波材料的设计及服役寿命预测提供理论依据。方法采用周期浸润加速腐蚀试验模拟目标环境,结合多尺度形貌表征与弓形架法反射率测试,系统分析腐蚀前后材料微观结构与吸波性能变化。通过坑蚀直径分布、表面粗糙度变化等定量统计及频段分离分析,解析腐蚀对不同频段吸波行为的影响机制。结果腐蚀导致材料表面形貌与组分分布显著改变,吸波性能呈频段依赖性演变。在8~12 GHz频段,腐蚀产物形成的异质界面增强界面极化损耗,使反射损耗（RL）降低0.5~2 dB,吸波效率提升10%~20%;在12~18 GHz频段,纤维表面平均直径5~8 μm的坑蚀破坏界面完整性,造成RL上升1~3 dB,吸波效率下降20%~30%。微观分析表明,表面粗糙度增大与腐蚀产物沉积利于中频段阻抗匹配及电磁波散射,提升中频吸收,高频性能衰退源于纤维-树脂界面腐蚀损伤及电学性能退化。结论提出“腐蚀产物增强界面极化促进中频吸收、界面损伤与电学退化削弱高频吸收”的竞争性损耗机制,揭示了湿热海洋环境下材料“腐蚀-结构-性能”的内在关联,为复合材料吸波性能环境适应性评估、设计优化及服役寿命预测提供重要参考。

Abstract

The work aims to reveal the correlation mechanism between the microstructural evolution and the electromagnetic wave absorption performance of fiber/epoxy composites during corrosion in a hot and humid tropical marine environment, providing a theoretical basis for the design of high-environmental-adaptability wave-absorbing materials and the prediction of their service life. A periodic immersion accelerated corrosion test was used to simulate the target environment. Multi-scale morphological characterization and reflectivity testing via the arch measurement method were combined to systematically analyze changes in the microstructure and wave absorption performance of the material before and after corrosion. Quantitative statistics, such as pit diameter distribution and surface roughness variation, along with frequency-band separation analysis, were employed to decipher the effect mechanism of corrosion on wave absorption behavior across different frequency bands. Corrosion led to significant alterations in the surface morphology and component distribution of the material, resulting in frequency-dependent evolution of the wave absorption performance. In the 8-12 GHz frequency band, the heterogeneous interfaces formed by corrosion products enhanced interfacial polarization loss, reducing the reflection loss (RL) by 0.5-2 dB and improving the wave absorption efficiency by 10%-20%. In the 12-18 GHz frequency band, pits with an average diameter of 5-8 µm on the fiber surface damaged interface integrity, causing an increase in RL by 1-3 dB and a decrease in wave absorption efficiency by 20%-30%. Analysis indicated that the increased surface roughness and the deposition of corrosion products benefited impedance matching and electromagnetic wave scattering in the mid-frequency range, thereby enhancing mid-frequency absorption. The degradation of high-frequency performance was attributed to corrosion damage at the fiber-resin interface and the deterioration of electrical properties. A competitive loss mechanism is proposed, that is "corrosion products enhance interfacial polarization to promote mid-frequency absorption, while interface damage and electrical degradation weaken high-frequency absorption". This study reveals the intrinsic relationship between "corrosion-structure-performance" in composites under hot-humid marine environment, providing crucial insights for the environmental adaptability assessment, design optimization, and service life prediction of wave absorbing composite materials

导出引用

李金泫, 薛亚威, 孙成龙, 武斌, 孙德海, 吴娜娜, 孔光明. 某纤维/环氧树脂复合材料在模拟湿热腐蚀环境中的性能分析与表征[J]. 装备环境工程. 2025, 22(12): 118-124 https://doi.org/10.7643/ issn.1672-9242.2025.12.015

LI Jinxuan, XUE Yawei, SUN Chenglong, WU Bin, SUN Dehai, WU Nana, KONG Guangming. Performance Analysis and Characterization of a Fiber/Epoxy Composite in a Simulated Hygrothermal Corrosion Environment[J]. Equipment Environmental Engineering. 2025, 22(12): 118-124 https://doi.org/10.7643/ issn.1672-9242.2025.12.015

中图分类号： TB332

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